Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) Testing: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) tests are essential diagnostic tools in neurology. These tests help evaluate muscle function and nerve health, providing crucial insights for diagnosing various neuromuscular disorders. At Chicago Neurological Services, every EMG is performed by Dr. Lenny Cohen, a board-certified neurologist with extensive experience. With conveniently located offices in Chicago and River Forest, patients receive high-quality care in a comfortable setting.

This in-depth guide will explore what EMG and NCV tests are, their purposes, what they diagnose, how to prepare, what to expect during and after the test, and why Chicago Neurological Services is the best choice for these procedures.

What is Electromyography (EMG)?

Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure used to assess the health of muscles and the nerves that control them. The test measures the electrical activity in muscles, helping detect neuromuscular disorders. A fine needle electrode is inserted into the muscle, recording electrical signals at rest and during contraction.

Key Purposes of EMG:

• Evaluates muscle response to nerve stimulation.
• Identifies nerve and muscle dysfunction.
• Diagnoses neuromuscular disorders.
• Differentiates between nerve and muscle disorders.

What is Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) Testing?

Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) testing assesses the speed and strength of electrical signals traveling through nerves. It helps identify nerve damage and is often performed alongside EMG to provide a complete picture of nerve and muscle function.

Key Purposes of NCV:

• Measures how fast electrical signals travel along nerves.
• Detects nerve compression, damage, or dysfunction.
• Assists in diagnosing conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, and nerve injuries.

Conditions Diagnosed with EMG and NCV Tests

EMG and NCV tests are used to diagnose various neurological and muscular disorders, including:

1. Peripheral Neuropathy

• Damage to peripheral nerves causing tingling, numbness, and weakness.
• Common in diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and infections.

2. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

• Compression of the median nerve in the wrist.
• Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, weakness in the hand.

3. Radiculopathy (Pinched Nerve in Spine)

• Nerve root compression in the cervical or lumbar spine.
• Common in herniated discs or spinal stenosis.

4. Myopathy (Muscle Disorders)

• Muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophy.
• Leads to progressive weakness and loss of muscle function.

5. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

• A progressive neurological disease affecting nerve cells controlling muscles.
• EMG helps confirm nerve degeneration.

6. Guillain-Barré Syndrome

• Autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks nerves.
• NCV helps detect slowed nerve conduction.

What an EMG and NCV Test Can Show

• Muscle Weakness Origin: Determines if weakness is due to nerve or muscle problems.
• Nerve Damage: Identifies if nerves are transmitting signals properly.
• Severity of Condition: Assesses the extent of nerve or muscle impairment.
• Disease Progression: Monitors chronic conditions like neuropathy.

Preparing for an EMG and NCV Test

Proper preparation ensures accurate results. Here’s how to get ready:

• Avoid lotions or oils on test day as they can interfere with electrode placement.
• Wear loose, comfortable clothing for easy access to test areas.
• Inform your doctor about medications, especially blood thinners.
• Stay hydrated and keep your limbs warm to ensure optimal nerve function.

What to Expect During the Tests

During an EMG Test:

1. Electrode Placement: A fine needle electrode is inserted into the muscle.
2. Muscle Testing: You may be asked to contract and relax muscles.
3. Mild Discomfort: Some soreness may occur during needle insertion.

During an NCV Test:

1. Surface Electrodes Applied: Electrodes are placed on the skin over nerves.
2. Electrical Impulses Sent: A mild electrical stimulus is applied to measure nerve function.
3. Painless Sensations: Some tingling or discomfort may occur.

What Happens After the Test?

• Resume Normal Activities: No downtime required.
• Temporary Muscle Soreness: Minor discomfort that fades quickly.
• Results Discussion: Dr. Cohen will review findings and discuss next steps.

What Does the Test Feel Like?

• EMG: Feels like a quick pinch or slight muscle cramp.
• NCV: Feels like a mild electrical pulse, similar to static electricity.

Why Choose Chicago Neurological Services?

At Chicago Neurological Services, patients benefit from:

• Expert Care: Dr. Lenny Cohen, a board-certified neurologist, ensures accurate diagnoses.
• State-of-the-Art Equipment: Advanced technology for precise results.
• Convenient Locations: Offices in Chicago and River Forest.
• Personalized Treatment Plans: Tailored care for optimal recovery.

Schedule Your EMG or NCV Test Today

If you’re experiencing symptoms like numbness, weakness, or nerve pain, schedule an EMG or NCV test with Dr. Cohen at Chicago Neurological Services today.

Don’t let nerve or muscle problems go undiagnosed—take charge of your health today!

Author

Lenny Cohen, MD Brain health is complex and affects everyone. An expert physician and diplomate of the American Board of Neurology and Psychiatry, Dr. Lenny Cohen is committed to personalized care and to helping patients understand their condition, feel their best and live each day optimally and comfortably. Leveraging the latest brain research and experience seeing thousands of patients, Dr. Cohen and his team’s approach to comprehensive brain health is a gamechanger in the new world of brain longevity. Integrating Neurology, IV infusion therapy, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Hyperbaric Therapy, Chicago Neurological Services is the only center in Chicago to holistically treat the brain and neurological pathology.